{"id":22881,"date":"2021-11-23T11:03:04","date_gmt":"2021-11-23T09:03:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/?p=22881"},"modified":"2021-11-23T11:07:14","modified_gmt":"2021-11-23T09:07:14","slug":"kirke-karja-will-defend-her-doctoral-thesis-on-december-20","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/en\/kirke-karja-will-defend-her-doctoral-thesis-on-december-20\/","title":{"rendered":"Kirke Karja will defend her doctoral thesis on 20 December"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22881","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":{"not_home":"no","not_main":"no","is_not_a_page":false,"is_drama_page":false,"is_cppm_page":false,"show_in_sub_menu":false,"post_image":{"ID":22662,"id":22662,"title":"Photo: Renee Altrov","filename":"Kirke-2-2-copy-scaled.jpg","filesize":680016,"url":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Kirke-2-2-copy-scaled.jpg","link":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/en\/event\/doctoral-concert-kirke-karja\/kirke-2-2-copy-2\/","alt":"Doktorant Kirke Karja, jazzmuusika","author":"3","description":"Photo: Renee Altrov","caption":"","name":"kirke-2-2-copy-2","status":"inherit","uploaded_to":22663,"date":"2021-11-11 09:04:27","modified":"2021-12-09 10:03:25","menu_order":0,"mime_type":"image\/jpeg","type":"image","subtype":"jpeg","icon":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/wp-includes\/images\/media\/default.png","width":2560,"height":1855,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Kirke-2-2-copy-150x150.jpg","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Kirke-2-2-copy-300x217.jpg","medium-width":300,"medium-height":217,"medium_large":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Kirke-2-2-copy-768x556.jpg","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":556,"large":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Kirke-2-2-copy-1024x742.jpg","large-width":1024,"large-height":742,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Kirke-2-2-copy-1536x1113.jpg","1536x1536-width":1536,"1536x1536-height":1113,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Kirke-2-2-copy-2048x1484.jpg","2048x2048-width":2048,"2048x2048-height":1484,"640px":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Kirke-2-2-copy-640x464.jpg","640px-width":640,"640px-height":464,"768px":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Kirke-2-2-copy-768x556.jpg","768px-width":768,"768px-height":556,"1024px":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Kirke-2-2-copy-1024x742.jpg","1024px-width":1024,"1024px-height":742,"1280px":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Kirke-2-2-copy-1280x927.jpg","1280px-width":1280,"1280px-height":927,"1366px":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Kirke-2-2-copy-1366x990.jpg","1366px-width":1366,"1366px-height":990,"1600px":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Kirke-2-2-copy-1600x1159.jpg","1600px-width":1600,"1600px-height":1159,"1920px":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Kirke-2-2-copy-1920x1391.jpg","1920px-width":1920,"1920px-height":1391,"2400px":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Kirke-2-2-copy-2400x1739.jpg","2400px-width":2400,"2400px-height":1739,"woocommerce_thumbnail":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Kirke-2-2-copy-scaled-415x415.jpg","woocommerce_thumbnail-width":415,"woocommerce_thumbnail-height":415,"woocommerce_single":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Kirke-2-2-copy-scaled-600x435.jpg","woocommerce_single-width":600,"woocommerce_single-height":435,"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Kirke-2-2-copy-scaled-100x100.jpg","woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail-width":100,"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail-height":100}},"page_content":[{"acf_fc_layout":"tekstikast","page_text":"

Kirke Karja will defend her doctoral thesis on 20 December at 11.00 in room C-405 for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Music):<\/p>\n

Protsessimuusika elementidest jazzmuusika kompositsioonis ja improvisatsioonis
\n<\/strong><\/em>(<\/strong>Process Music Elements in Jazz Composition and Improvisation)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Supervisor: professor Kerri Kotta, PhD (EAMT)<\/p>\n

Opponent: Mihhail Gerts, PhD (Tallinn\/Berlin)<\/p>\n

The doctoral thesis is available HERE<\/a> (in Estonian) and in print in the EAMT library.<\/p>\n

This<\/span> thesis<\/span> explores<\/span> how<\/span> contemporary<\/span> jazz<\/span> music<\/span> composition<\/span> and<\/span> improvisation<\/span> participate<\/span> in <\/span>musical<\/span> communication.<\/span> More<\/span> specifically,<\/span> I<\/span> observe<\/span> structures<\/span> that<\/span> we<\/span> can<\/span> find<\/span> in<\/span> process<\/span> music <\/span><\/em>(music<\/span> emerging<\/span> from<\/span> a<\/span> process<\/span> or<\/span> multiple<\/span> processes).<\/span> To<\/span> explore<\/span> this<\/span> topic,<\/span> I<\/span> used<\/span> concepts <\/span>developed<\/span> by<\/span> Fred<\/span> Lerdahl:<\/span> compositional<\/span> grammar<\/span> <\/em>and<\/span> listening<\/span> grammar<\/span><\/em>.<\/span> Compositional <\/span>grammar<\/span> <\/em>is<\/span> what<\/span> a<\/span> composer<\/span> intended<\/span> while<\/span> writing<\/span> the<\/span> piece.<\/span> Listening<\/span> grammar<\/span><\/em> is<\/span> what<\/span> a <\/span>listener<\/span> hears<\/span> and<\/span> understands<\/span> from<\/span> the<\/span> compositional<\/span> grammar,<\/span> interpreted<\/span> subjectively<\/span> by <\/span>listeners to the degree allowed by their comprehension.<\/span><\/p>\n

As<\/span> a<\/span> researcher,<\/span> I<\/span> am<\/span> most<\/span> interested<\/span> in<\/span> situations<\/span> in<\/span> which<\/span> compositional<\/span> grammar<\/span> changes <\/span>without<\/span> affecting<\/span> listening<\/span> grammar,<\/span> i.e.<\/span> when<\/span> composed<\/span> and<\/span> improvised<\/span> parts<\/span> of<\/span> a<\/span> musical<\/span> piece <\/span>appear in ways that extend beyond the listener\u2019s ability to grasp musical structure.<\/span><\/p>\n

I<\/span> differentiate<\/span> between<\/span> composition<\/span> <\/em>and<\/span> improvisation<\/span><\/em>.<\/span> In<\/span> my<\/span> work,<\/span> the<\/span> main<\/span> difference<\/span> between <\/span>composition<\/span> and<\/span> improvisation<\/span> is<\/span> that<\/span> when<\/span> composing,<\/span> I<\/span> have<\/span> the<\/span> opportunity<\/span> to<\/span> work<\/span> on<\/span> and <\/span>revise<\/span> every<\/span> musical<\/span> detail<\/span> as<\/span> long<\/span> as<\/span> I<\/span> need<\/span> to<\/span> until<\/span> I<\/span> am<\/span> satisfied.<\/span> When<\/span> I<\/span> am<\/span> improvising, <\/span>musical decisions take place in real time and there is no opportunity to edit afterwards.
\n<\/span>
In<\/span> my<\/span> compositions,<\/span> I<\/span> employ<\/span> techniques<\/span> borrowed<\/span> from<\/span> process<\/span> music<\/span><\/em>.<\/span> Process<\/span> music<\/span> has<\/span> a <\/span>structure<\/span> in<\/span> which<\/span> musical<\/span> motifs<\/span> and<\/span> elements<\/span> transform<\/span> step-by-step,<\/span> making<\/span> sound<\/span> events <\/span>predictable.<\/span> Processes<\/span> are<\/span> mainly<\/span> found<\/span> in<\/span> rhythms<\/span> and<\/span> pitches,<\/span> with<\/span> most<\/span> known<\/span> techniques <\/span>being<\/span> additive<\/span><\/em> and<\/span> subtractive<\/em>,<\/span> phase<\/span><\/em>,<\/span> and<\/span> polyphony<\/span> of<\/span> processes<\/span><\/em> \u2013<\/span> where<\/span> different<\/span> processes <\/span>happen simultaneously yet independently of one another.<\/span>

\nMy<\/span> main<\/span> research<\/span> questions<\/span> are<\/span> derived<\/span> from<\/span> the<\/span> logical<\/span> connection<\/span> of<\/span> processes<\/span> in<\/span> composition <\/span>and improvisation. These are:<\/span>
1)<\/span> How<\/span> does<\/span> one<\/span> change<\/span> compositional<\/span> grammar<\/span> in<\/span> such<\/span> a<\/span> way<\/span> that<\/span> listening<\/span> grammar<\/span> will <\/span><\/em>not<\/span> change?<\/span><\/em> In<\/span> other<\/span> words:<\/span> if<\/span> the<\/span> listener<\/span> has<\/span> understood<\/span> the<\/span> \u201erules\u201d<\/span> within<\/span> a<\/span> piece<\/span> of <\/span>improvised<\/span> music<\/span> which<\/span> contains<\/span> certain<\/span> processes,<\/span> how<\/span> can<\/span> an<\/span> improviser<\/span> change<\/span> those <\/span>rules in such a way that the listener does not comprehend the change?<\/span>
2)<\/span> Is<\/span> it<\/span> possible<\/span> to<\/span> create<\/span> different,<\/span> even<\/span> contrasting,<\/span> musical<\/span> ideas<\/span> without<\/span> losing<\/span> elements <\/span><\/em>of<\/span> process<\/span> music,<\/span> and<\/span> how?<\/span><\/em> In<\/span> other<\/span> words:<\/span> how<\/span> does<\/span> one<\/span> avoid<\/span> situations<\/span> in<\/span> which<\/span> a <\/span>musical<\/span> piece<\/span> becomes<\/span> a<\/span> monotonous<\/span> musical<\/span> fabric?<\/span> Is<\/span> it<\/span> possible<\/span> to<\/span> guarantee<\/span> that<\/span> a <\/span>musical piece will still contain surprises, <\/span>tension, conflict, and solutions?<\/span><\/p>\n

In order to answer these questions, it was necessary to find, create, and utilize tools to assist me.
\n[\u2013 \u2013 \u2013]<\/p>\n

During<\/span> my<\/span> research,<\/span> I<\/span> found<\/span> that<\/span> I<\/span> want<\/span> to<\/span> use<\/span> process<\/span> techniques<\/span> in<\/span> my<\/span> creative<\/span> work<\/span> in<\/span> the <\/span>future because:<\/span>
1)<\/span> There is an infinite number of opportunities and ways to use them.<\/span>
2)<\/span> If I use them polyphonically, it helps me create fascinating layers.<\/span>
3)<\/span> Since<\/span> the<\/span> process<\/span> music<\/span> is<\/span> \u201ewriting<\/span> itself\u201d,<\/span> addiction<\/span> to<\/span> inspiration<\/span> is<\/span> subsequently <\/span>avoidable.
\n<\/span>
I<\/span> also<\/span> discovered<\/span> that<\/span> a<\/span> greater<\/span> understanding<\/span> of<\/span> compositional<\/span> grammar<\/span> and<\/span> listening<\/span> grammar <\/span>inspires<\/span> me<\/span> to<\/span> manipulate<\/span> listeners’<\/span> perceptions.<\/span> It<\/span> lends<\/span> itself<\/span> \u2013<\/span> and<\/span> leads<\/span> me<\/span> \u2013<\/span> to<\/span> search<\/span> for <\/span>musical<\/span> and<\/span> situational<\/span> opportunities<\/span> which<\/span> purposely<\/span> confuse<\/span> listeners.<\/span> I<\/span> found<\/span> new<\/span> meaning<\/span> in <\/span>music:<\/span> instead<\/span> of<\/span> \u201eperforming\u201d<\/span> it<\/span> (a<\/span> result-orientated<\/span> activity<\/span> and<\/span> a<\/span> narrow-minded<\/span> way<\/span> of <\/span>thinking<\/span> about<\/span> it),<\/span> I<\/span> now<\/span> think<\/span> of<\/span> music<\/span> as<\/span> a<\/span> \u201egame\u201d.<\/span> Such<\/span> an<\/span> understanding<\/span> allows<\/span> it<\/span> to<\/span> exist<\/span> as <\/span>an<\/span> engaging<\/span> basis<\/span> and<\/span> medium<\/span> for<\/span> interaction<\/span> between<\/span> both<\/span> creators<\/span> and<\/span> listeners<\/span> as <\/span>co-participants.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n"},{"acf_fc_layout":"pilt","page_image":{"ID":22662,"id":22662,"title":"Photo: Renee Altrov","filename":"Kirke-2-2-copy-scaled.jpg","filesize":680016,"url":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Kirke-2-2-copy-scaled.jpg","link":"https:\/\/eamt.ee\/en\/event\/doctoral-concert-kirke-karja\/kirke-2-2-copy-2\/","alt":"Doktorant Kirke Karja, jazzmuusika","author":"3","description":"Photo: Renee Altrov","caption":"","name":"kirke-2-2-copy-2","status":"inherit","uploaded_to":22663,"date":"2021-11-11 09:04:27","modified":"2021-12-09 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